Many questions have to be explored to further our understanding of how information and communication technologies (ICT) can alter the quality and performance of virtual learning. The aim of this article is to contribute to this debate by presenting a case study in which the relationship between the use of ICT and students' performance is tested. An experiment was run under the eLene-EE project, designed to test the link between the educational inputs and outputs of on-line students at the Open University of Catalonia (Barcelona), with particular regard to ICT.