This article examines the link between the diffusion of new managerial practices and the internal organizational structure of ?rms. The authors draw on quantitative data from the COI-TIC 2006 survey on a representative sample of some 14,000 private-sector ?rms with at least ten employees. The managerial practices considered concern quality management, resource and lead-time management, and collective work. Organizational structures are described in terms of their hierarchical structure and the distribution of spheres of responsibility among the relevant stakeholder categories in the ?rm. The authors show that between 2003 and 2006, French ?rms evolved little from the point of view of their use of management tools or their internal organizational structure. On the other hand, those that did evolve in respect of their use of management tools were also those that had changed their organizational structure. This article furthermore has a descriptive interest, for it shows recent tendencies in ?rms' managerial strategies and organizational structures, offering sectoral comparisons between the manufacturing and the service sectors that have received little attention from scholars until now.