The comparison of the African media models promoted at the World Social Forum in Nairobi, with what are known in Kenya as 'alternative journalists'?, highlights the heterogeneity of news mobilization on the continent. It also enables us to analyse the scope of the media models promoted within the specific framework of the WSF. These media models reflect the specific features of national frameworks of news mobilization and national communication markets. They also show the conditions of the shift of mobilization to an international focus, and the role of those leading it within the international activist sphere that the WSF represents. These models are characterized by their dependence on related causes, the centrality of an injunction of 'social utility'? of the media, a wish to Africanize them, an individualization of media critique, and the establishment of 'soft'? antagonism with African governments.